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Understanding Sundowning in Dementia: Causes, Symptoms, and Support Strategies
For many families caring for a loved one with dementia, evenings can be the most challenging part of the day.
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Written by
Tyler Zanini, Founder at Memoryboard
This phenomenon, known as sundowning in dementia, affects countless older adults and can leave caregivers feeling overwhelmed and unsure of how to help. By understanding what sundowning is, why it happens, and how to ease its impact, families can create calmer, more supportive environments for their loved ones.
What Is Sundowning?
Sundowning refers to a pattern of increased confusion, agitation, or anxiety in people with dementia that typically occurs in the late afternoon or evening. While not every individual with dementia experiences it, sundowning is common among those with Alzheimer’s disease and other memory-related conditions.
Families may notice behaviors such as:
Increased restlessness or pacing
Irritability or mood swings
Trouble sleeping or nighttime wandering
Confusion about time or place
Withdrawal or heightened anxiety
These changes can be distressing for both the person experiencing them and their caregivers.
What Causes Sundowning?
The exact causes are still being studied, but researchers and caregivers have identified several contributing factors:
Disrupted circadian rhythms (the body’s internal clock)
Fatigue from the day’s activities
Low lighting and increased shadows in the evening
Hunger, thirst, or pain
Unfamiliar surroundings or changes in routine
Understanding these triggers is the first step in reducing the intensity of sundowning episodes.
Tips to Help Manage Sundowning in Dementia
While every person is unique, here are some caregiver-tested strategies that may help ease sundowning:
Keep a consistent routine. Regular schedules for meals, medications, and bedtime can reduce confusion.
Maximize natural light. Open curtains during the day and use soft lighting in the evening to minimize shadows.
Encourage daytime activity. Gentle exercise or walks can improve nighttime rest.
Create a calming environment. Play soothing music, use familiar photos, or provide comforting objects.
Avoid stimulants. Limit caffeine, sugar, and large late-day meals.
Offer reassurance. A calm voice and gentle touch can ease anxiety and restlessness.
How Memoryboard Can Help
At Memoryboard, we know how stressful sundowning can be for families. Our digital memory board helps reduce confusion by clearly displaying time, date, reminders, and reassuring messages throughout the day. By offering a reliable point of reference, Memoryboard can bring comfort to loved ones and peace of mind to caregivers.
Final Thoughts
Sundowning in dementia is challenging, but with the right knowledge and tools, families can create more peaceful evenings. Patience, routine, and supportive resources go a long way in helping loved ones feel safe and connected.
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